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Problem
A tree with `n` nodes numbered from `1` to `n` is represented by
the parent array `t`, where `t[i]` is the parent of node `i`, and
`t[i] = 0` means that node `i` is the root of the tree.
A node is called a **leaf** if it has no direct descendants, i.e.,
if it never appears as a value in the parent array (ignoring the value `0`).
Write a program that reads `n` and the values of the parent array, and
prints the number of leaves in the tree.
Input format
Input
input.txt
The first line contains the natural number `n`. The second line contains the `n` values of the parent array, separated by spaces. - `1 <= n <= 100` - `0 <= t[i] <= n` for every `i` in `1..n` - the array describes a valid tree - if the tree has a single node, that node is considered a leaf
Output format
Output
output.txt
The program prints a single natural number: the number of leaves.
Example
input
7 2 4 4 0 4 5 5
output
4
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Sample cases (from the problem)
Sample Case 1
Input
7 2 4 4 0 4 5 5
Expected output
4
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